摘要：The rise in non-tariff protectionist measures has been associated to the weakness in globaltrade over the last few years. We investigate the effect of non-tariff barriers (NTBs) on exportsgrowth over the period 2009-2013 using administrative data at the fi rm-product-destinationlevel in Spain. According to our fi ndings, non-tariff protectionist measures signifi cantly reduceexports growth at the product-destination level. Moreover, NTBs also hinder exports growthat the fi rm level and negatively affect other fi rm outcomes such as productivity growth. Incontrast, the impact of liberalizing non-tariff measures is not statistically signifi cant.
关键词：protectionism; non-tariff measures; fi rm level data.
