摘要：Consumption of sugar has been relatively high in the Nordic countries; the impact of sugar intake onmetabolic risk factors and related diseases has been debated. The objectives were to assess the effect of sugarintake (sugar-sweetened beverages, sucrose and fructose) on association with type 2 diabetes, cardiovasculardisease and related metabolic risk factors (impaired glucose tolerance, insulin sensitivity, dyslipidemia, bloodpressure, uric acid, inflammation markers), and on all-cause mortality, through a systematic review ofprospective cohort studies and randomised controlled intervention studies published between January 2000and search dates. The methods adopted were as follows: the first search was run in PubMed in October 2010.A second search with uric acid as risk marker was run in April 2011. The total search strategy was rerun inApril 2011 in SveMed. An update was run in PubMed in January 2012. Two authors independently selectedstudies for inclusion from the 2,743 abstracts according to predefined eligibility criteria. The outcome wasthat out of the 17 studies extracted, 15 were prospective cohort studies and two were randomised controlledcrossover trials. All of the studies included only adults. With respect to incident type 2 diabetes (nine studies),four of six prospective cohort studies found a significant positive association for sugar-sweetened beverageintake. In general, larger cohort studies with longer follow-up more often reported positive associations, andBMI seemed to mediate part of the increased risk. For other metabolic or cardiovascular risk factors oroutcomes, too few studies have been published to draw conclusions. In conclusion, data from prospectivecohort studies published in the years 2000-2011 suggest that sugar-sweetened beverages probably increase therisk of type 2 diabetes. For related metabolic risk factors, cardiovascular disease or all-cause mortality andother types of sugars, too few studies were available to draw conclusions.
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