摘要：Background: Diet plays a crucial role in the regulation of chronic inflammation. The sparseevidence available in adult populations indicates that diet quality is linked to the dietaryinflammatory potential; however, this association has not been established in youth.Design: Data were obtained from a representative national sample of 2889 children and youngpeople in Spain, aged 6–24 years. The dietary inflammatory potential was measured by thedietary inflammatory index (DII), and diet quality by three conceptually different measures: theMediterranean Diet Quality Index for children and adolescents (KIDMED), energy density, andtotal dietary antioxidants capacity.Results: The mean DII was 1.96 ± 0.76 units Scoring for the KIDMED index and the total dietaryantioxidant capacity significantly decreased (p < 0.001 and p = 0.030, respectively) acrossquintiles of the DII, whereas the opposite was true for energy density (p < 0.001). The effectsize of these associations was strongest for energy density, followed by the KIDMED index andtotal dietary antioxidant capacity.Conclusion: A healthy diet characterized by high adherence to the Mediterranean diet, high totaldietary antioxidant capacity, or low energy density was linked to greater anti-inflammatorypotential of the diet, as measured by the DII.
