文章基本信息

标题：Air Pollution and Mortality in Seven Million Adults: The Dutch Environmental Longitudinal Study (DUELS)
作者：Paul H. Fischer ; Marten Marra ; Caroline B. Ameling 等
期刊名称：Environmental Health Perspectives
印刷版ISSN：0091-6765
电子版ISSN：1552-9924
出版年度：2015
卷号：123
期号：7
页码：697-704
DOI：10.1289/ehp.1408254
语种：English
出版社：OCR Subscription Services Inc
摘要：Background Long-term exposure to air pollution has been associated with mortality in urban cohort studies. Few studies have investigated this association in large-scale population registries, including non-urban populations. Objectives The aim of the study was to evaluate the associations between long-term exposure to air pollution and nonaccidental and cause-specific mortality in the Netherlands based on existing national databases. Methods We used existing Dutch national databases on mortality, individual characteristics, residence history, neighborhood characteristics, and national air pollution maps based on land use regression (LUR) techniques for particulates with an aerodynamic diameter ≤ 10 μm (PM₁₀) and nitrogen dioxide (NO₂). Using these databases, we established a cohort of 7.1 million individuals ≥ 30 years of age. We followed the cohort for 7 years (2004–2011). We applied Cox proportional hazard models adjusting for potential individual and area-specific confounders. Results After adjustment for individual and area-specific confounders, for each 10-μg/m³ increase, PM₁₀ and NO₂ were associated with nonaccidental mortality [hazard ratio (HR) = 1.08; 95% CI: 1.07, 1.09 and HR = 1.03; 95% CI: 1.02, 1.03, respectively], respiratory mortality (HR = 1.13; 95% CI: 1.10, 1.17 and HR = 1.02; 95% CI: 1.01, 1.03, respectively), and lung cancer mortality (HR = 1.26; 95% CI: 1.21, 1.30 and HR = 1.10 95% CI: 1.09, 1.11, respectively). Furthermore, PM₁₀ was associated with circulatory disease mortality (HR = 1.06; 95% CI: 1.04, 1.08), but NO₂ was not (HR = 1.00; 95% CI: 0.99, 1.01). PM₁₀ associations were robust to adjustment for NO₂; NO₂ associations remained for nonaccidental mortality and lung cancer mortality after adjustment for PM₁₀. Conclusions Long-term exposure to PM₁₀ and NO₂ was associated with nonaccidental and cause-specific mortality in the Dutch population of ≥ 30 years of age. Citation Fischer PH, Marra M, Ameling CB, Hoek G, Beelen R, de Hoogh K, Breugelmans O, Kruize H, Janssen NA, Houthuijs D. 2015. Air pollution and mortality in seven million adults: the Dutch Environmental Longitudinal Study (DUELS). Environ Health Perspect 123:697–704; http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.1408254