摘要：This paper reviews the current state of single-photon sources based on the semiconductor quantum dots that will play a central role in future quantum information systems. By optically pumping a system consisting of a semiconductor single quantum dot confined in a monolithic microcavity, it is possible to produce a single-photon pulse stream at the Fourier transform limit with high efficiency and a high repetition rate. This technique is not only useful for BB84 quantum cryptography using single photons, but will also find applications in other quantum information systems such as BBM92 quantum cryptography using entangled photon pairs, quantum teleportation, quantum repeaters, and linear optical quantum computers.
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