摘要：Quite recently, freely available mean daily discharge series
representing the territory of Czechia were complemented by ten daily
series of nine climate variables, spanning usually from 1961 to the present.
Their length thus allows the analyses similar to those conducted
approximately a year ago in relation to the long series of discharge.
Besides this possibility, the current paper goes further and shows how
these long series (including discharge) can be used in order to assess the
presence of the so-called Hurst phenomenon. Using a wavelet-based
approach, several important differences in the wavelet spectra and values
of the Hurst exponent (as well as the uncertainty in their estimation) were
found when focusing on discharge, air temperature and precipitation.
Furthermore, using the stationarity and unit root tests, it was revealed that,
unlike precipitation, air temperature and discharge series may be
characterized by long-memory processes in many cases. Finally, as the
paper is devoted mainly to students, a short R script is presented in
Appendix that makes it easier to work with the online files offered by
Czech climatologists.
其他摘要：Quite recently, freely available mean daily discharge series representing the territory of Czechia were complemented by ten daily series of nine climate variables, spanning usually from 1961 to the present. Their length thus allows the analyses similar to those conducted approximately a year ago in relation to the long series of discharge. Besides this possibility, the current paper goes further and shows how these long series (including discharge) can be used in order to assess the presence of the so-called Hurst phenomenon. Using a wavelet-based approach, several important differences in the wavelet spectra and values of the Hurst exponent (as well as the uncertainty in their estimation) were found when focusing on discharge, air temperature and precipitation. Furthermore, using the stationarity and unit root tests, it was revealed that, unlike precipitation, air temperature and discharge series may be characterized by long-memory processes in many cases. Finally, as the paper is devoted mainly to students, a short R script is presented in Appendix that makes it easier to work with the online files offered by Czech climatologists.
