摘要：Objectives. We examined population-based smoking trends in Minnesota between 1980 and 2009. Methods. The Minnesota Heart Survey (MHS) is a population-based, serial, cross-sectional study of cardiovascular risk factor trends among Minneapolis–Saint Paul metropolitan residents. The MHS recently completed its sixth survey (1980–1982 [n = 3799], 1985–1987 [n = 4641], 1990–1992 [n = 5159], 1995–1997 [n = 6690], 2000–2002 [n = 3281], and 2007–2009 [n = 3179]). We used MHS data to examine smoking trends among adults aged 25 to 74 years by means of age-adjusted generalized linear mixed models. Results. Between 1980 and 2009, the prevalence of current smoking decreased from 32.8% to 15.5% for men and from 32.7% to 12.2% for women ( P < .001 for each). Greater decreases occurred among those with higher income and those with more education. Among currently smoking men, the number of cigarettes smoked per day decreased from 26.0 in the 1980–1982 survey to 16.0 in the 2007–2009 survey ( P < .001). Similar trends were observed among women. Conclusions. Although the prevalence of smoking and cigarette consumption decreased from the 1980–1982 period to the 2007–2009 period, interventions specifically designed for those of lower socioeconomic status are needed. The harmful cardiovascular effects of cigarette smoking are well established, and many interventions have been implemented to reduce the prevalence of smoking. These interventions include those that target individuals, such as the development of new behavioral approaches and smoking-cessation drugs, 1 – 3 as well as population-level interventions, including taxation on cigarettes, stricter advertising laws, increased education, and restricted smoking in public. 4 – 7 Although these interventions have been associated with decreased prevalence of smoking, a substantial subset of the population continues to smoke, and cigarette smoking continues to be an important public health issue. Changes in smoking practices and the identification of those most likely to smoke have important clinical and public health implications. This information is also essential for the design of future smoking-cessation interventions. Our primary objective was to describe population trends in smoking and smoking practices, such as the quantity of cigarettes smoked and the reported age at smoking initiation, using population-based data from the Minnesota Heart Survey (MHS). Our secondary objective was to examine whether smoking trends varied among those with different demographic characteristics, including age, gender, race, and socioeconomic status (SES).
