标题：The Obesity Epidemic as Harbinger of a Metabolic Disorder Epidemic: Trends in Overweight, Hypercholesterolemia, and Diabetes Treatment in Geneva, Switzerland, 1993–2003
摘要：Increases in obesity, hypercholesterolemia, and diabetes may be under way in Europe. We have reported the only data available from the 1990s for continuous monitoring of chronic disease risk factors in random samples of a general European population. In random surveys (1993–2003) of 6164 men and 6107 women in Geneva, overweight and obesity combined increased in both men and women; hypercholesterolemia prevalence also rose; diabetes treatment increased in men. Only population-based interventions can prevent the impending epidemic of obesity-related disorders. Increasing relative weight trends in populations have caused much concern among health care providers. 1, 2 Prevalence rates of obesity and sedentary life have been escalating in the United States, where the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys, performed about every 10 years since 1960, showed obesity rates doubling between 1976 through 1980 and 1990 through 2000. 3 Increased relative weight coincides with lipid and glucose metabolism disruptions, which translate into higher hypercholesterolemia and diabetes prevalence rates. 4– 6 However, very little evidence has been reported that similar trends are under way in Europe. 7 In Geneva, smoking, obesity, high blood pressure, and physical inactivity are more prevalent among persons of low socioeconomic status, and most socioeconomic risk factor differences remained stable in the 1990s. 8 A wider epidemic of metabolic disorders may be under way in Geneva, characterized by concurrent, parallel trends in obesity, hypercholesterolemia, and diabetes. Geneva has a relatively low prevalence of obesity, 9 so the situation may be worse in other European populations.
