摘要：We analyzed gestational diabetes mellitus trends in New York City between 1990 and 2001 by using information obtained from birth certificates. Gestational diabetes diagnoses among women who delivered babies increased 46%, from 2.6% (95% confidence interval [CI]=2.5, 2.7) to 3.8% (95% CI=3.7, 3.9) of births. Prevalence was highest among South and Central Asian women (11%). Given risks for adverse fetal outcomes and maternal chronic diabetes, prompt screening is critical. Metabolic control should be maintained during pregnancy and assessed postpartum for women with gestational diabetes. Maternal glucose tolerance can deteriorate during pregnancy, usually without adverse maternal or fetal health effects. For a small proportion of women, glucose tolerance declines below a healthy range, and gestational diabetes mellitus develops. Gestational diabetes mellitus is a well-established risk factor for adverse infant health outcomes, including fetal macrosomia, birth trauma, neonatal hypoglycemia, and fetal death. 1 , 2 Gestational diabetes mellitus also has been shown to predict later maternal development of type 2 diabetes. 3 , 4 Existing evidence indicates that women at greatest risk for development of gestational diabetes mellitus include those who are obese, are older, have family members with diabetes, or are a member of an ethnic group with high prevalence of diabetes. 5 The current confluence of the obesity epidemic in the United States, 6 , 7 and the trend toward older maternal age, 8 may place women at increased risk for development of gestational diabetes mellitus and its potential sequelae. Few population-based studies have examined trends in gestational diabetes mellitus prevalence, especially across racial/ethnic groups. 9 We describe findings from an analysis of New York City birth records registered between 1990 and 2001. We examined gestational diabetes mellitus trends by race/ethnicity, which included Hispanic and Asian subgroups.
