摘要：On the basis of 3 comparable population-based surveys conducted in Brazil, we identified clear changes in the relative magnitude of women’s undernutrition and overnutrition. In 1975, there were almost 2 cases of underweight to 1 case of obesity, whereas in 1997, there were more than 2 cases of obesity to 1 case of underweight. In 1997, Brazilian low-income women were significantly more susceptible than high-income women to both underweight and obesity. The concept of nutrition transition encompasses major shifts in the nutritional profile of human populations directly related to modifications in dietary intake and nutrient expenditure patterns and is basically determined by an interplay of economic, demographic, environmental, and cultural changes occurring in the society. 1, 2 Rapid and broad changes have occurred over the last quarter of the 20th century in most developing countries, but the effect of these changes on the nutritional profile of their populations remains to be fully assessed. 3, 4 This assessment is undertaken here with a specific focus on the adult female population of Brazil, a country undergoing rapid nutrition transition. It updates previous analyses of the nutrition transition in Brazil 5, 6 and complements findings from a recent article focused on regional differences in the nutrition transition among children and adults in Brazil. 7
