摘要：Objectives. The purpose of this study was to determine the impact of iron status on cadmium dose among pregnant women. Methods. Iron status and cadmium concentration in blood, urine, and placenta were determined among women followed for 2 years from early pregnancy. Results. Blood cadmium and urinary cadmium were correlated with iron status throughout the study period. Urinary cadmium increased longitudinally among women with exhausted iron stores during their pregnancy. The increase in urinary cadmium with age was more pronounced in multiparous than in nulliparous women. Conclusions. Iron deficiency during pregnancy leads to increased cadmium absorption and body burden. Multiparous women exhibit additional increases with increasing age. There is growing evidence that current dietary cadmium levels may induce renal tubular damage an end-stage renal disease in the general population. 1– 4 Associations between cadmium and osteoporosis further emphasize the public health concern. 5, 6 Cadmium absorption increases when iron stores are depleted, 7– 10 but the consequences for long-term body burden are not known. Because iron absorption is greatly elevated in late pregnancy, particularly among iron-deficient women, 11 there is reason to believe that cadmium uptake is also affected. Placental accumulation of cadmium hinders transfer to the fetus, 12 but little else is known about maternal cadmium uptake and body burden related to pregnancy. 13– 15 In the present prospective study, we investigated concentrations of cadmium in the blood (recent exposure), urine (kidney burden), and placenta in relation to iron status among women followed for 2 years beginning in early pregnancy.
