摘要：Objectives. This study evaluated 1995 guidelines for HIV testing of pregnant women. Methods. Analysis focused on Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System data for the years 1994 through 1999. Data were aggregated across states. Results. Percentages of pregnant women tested for HIV increased from 1995 to 1996 (from 41% to 53%) and again from 1997 (52%) to 1998 (60%). Conclusions. After implementation of the guidelines, the percentage of pregnant women tested for HIV increased, although nearly half had not been tested. More efforts are needed to encourage women to undergo testing for HIV during pregnancy, thus maximizing opportunities for offering antiretroviral therapy. In 1994, the US Public Health Service (PHS) recommended the use of zidovudine during pregnancy to prevent the perinatal transmission of HIV infection. 1 The 1995 PHS guidelines for the counseling and voluntary testing of pregnant women included recommendations that all pregnant women be counseled and encouraged to undergo testing for HIV infection and that testing be voluntary. 2 In October 1998, the Institute of Medicine issued a report recommending a national policy of universal testing, with patient notification, as a routine component of prenatal care. 3 The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists and the American Academy of Pediatrics supported the Institute of Medicine recommendation. 4 Our objective was to evaluate the implementation of the 1995 PHS guidelines for HIV counseling and testing of pregnant women.
