期刊名称：Signal & Image Processing : An International Journal (SIPIJ)
印刷版ISSN：2229-3922
电子版ISSN：0976-710X
出版年度：2018
卷号：9
期号：1
出版社：Academy & Industry Research Collaboration Center (AIRCC)
摘要：This paper presents a hybrid watermarking technique for medical images. The method uses a combinationof three transforms: Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT), Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT), and singularvalue decomposition (SVD). Then, the paper discusses the results of applying the combined method ondifferent medical images from eight patients. The images were watermarked with a small watermark imagerepresenting the patients' medical data. The visual quality of the watermarked images (before and afterattacks) was analyzed using five quality metrics: PSNR, WSNR, PSNR-HVS-M, PSNR-HVS, and MSSIM.The first four metrics' average values of the watermarked medical images before attacks wereapproximately 32 db, 35 db, 42 db, and 40 db respectively; while the MSSM index indicated a similaritybetween the original and watermarked images of more than 97%. However, the metric values decreasedsignificantly after attacking the images with various operations even though the watermark image could beretrieved after almost all attacks. In brief, the initial results indicate that watermarking medical imageswith patients' data does not significantly affect their visual quality and they can still be used by medicalstaff.
关键词：Transforms; Watermarking; medical images; visual metrics
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