The aim of this study was to optimize conditions for producing water-in-oil-in-water (W/O/W) nanoemulsion and spray-dried nanocapsule of red ginseng extract. Based on emulsion stability and average particle size analysis, optimum conditions to produce W/O/W nanoemulsion were: ratio of core to coating material, 3:7; primary emulsifier, 10% polyglycerol polyricinoleate; ratio of W/O phase to coating material, 1.5:8.5; secondary emulsifier, 10% polyoxyethylene sorbitan monolaurate; solvent, 20% ethyl acetate; secondary coating material, 10% maltodextrin (MD). Under these optimized conditions, particle size of spray-dried nanocapsules coated with MD of red ginseng ranged from 100 nm to 500 nm, based on response surface methodology with the highest yield (up to 99.7%). Results of the present study can be used to further optimize conditions to produce W/O/W nanoemulsion and spray-dried nanocapsule of red ginseng extract.