摘要：As part of the project on “Decision support for developing the National Air Pollution Control Programme” (financed by the French Environment Ministry), a multi-criteria assessment was applied to some 50 emission reduction measures for all sectors of the economy. These Programmes are an obligation under the EU National Emission Ceilings Directive [1, 2] , which sets air pollution emission reduction obligations for NOx, PM2.5, SO2, NH3, and NMVOC for each Member State for 2020 and 2030. The article presents the approach implemented for one criterion of the multi-criteria assessment: the economic evaluation of health impacts. Using information on the emission reductions associated with each of the measures, we simulated their contribution to improved air quality with the CHIMERE model and then calculated the French population's exposure to the air pollutants. By combining these data with concentration-response functions in the ARP-FR model, the health effects avoided by each measure were calculated. The corresponding health benefits were also compared with the direct costs of the measures examined. The study identified numerous measures with a positive benefit/cost ratio. Implementation of the measures selected by political decision for the French Programme should reduce health costs from air pollution by 40 % in 2030 compared to 2010.
关键词：atmospheric pollution; health effects; monetization; cost-benefit analysis; air quality
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