标题：Associations Between Availability and Coverage of HIV-Prevention Measures and Subsequent Incidence of Diagnosed HIV Infection Among Injection Drug Users
摘要：HIV-prevention measures specific to injection drug users (IDUs), such as opioid substitution treatment and needle-and-syringe programs, are not provided in many countries where injection drug use is endemic. We describe the incidence of diagnosed HIV infection in IDUs and the availability and coverage of opioid substitution and needle-and-syringe programs in the European Union and 5 middle- and high-income countries. Countries with greater provision of both prevention measures in 2000 to 2004 had lower incidence of diagnosed HIV infection in 2005 and 2006. In many countries where injection drug use is endemic, structural and legal difficulties preclude the provision of HIV-prevention measures specific to injection drug users (IDUs), such as opioid substitution treatment and needle-and-syringe programs. 1 – 8 To determine whether there was an association between HIV incidence among IDUs and IDU-specific HIV-prevention measures, we compared the provision of IDU-specific prevention measures (“harm reduction” measures) to IDUs from 2000 to 2004 with diagnosed HIV incidence among IDUs from 2005 to 2006 in the European Union (EU) and 5 middle- and high-income countries.
