摘要:An overview of some present day knowledge regarding introductions of exotic marine species associated with shipping activities is given in this paper. Transports of organisms via biofouling on ocean-going ships, water ballast and dispersal along rivers or canals are explained, illustrated by examples and their consequences and possible solutions are discussed. Special attention has been given to following species: Dreissena polymorpha, Mnemiopsis leidyi, Alexandrium sp. and Caulerpa taxifolia.