Traditional music is a rich part of local culture that reveals much about everyday life in Central Thai society. This qualitative research examines traditional music in five central provinces of Thailand. By using survey, interview, observation and focus group discussion, the investigation assesses the problems with traditional music and the reason for its appeal in local communities. The results show that traditional music in Central Thailand is in decline thanks to the influence of Western culture that is altering audience preferences. Additionally, there are few young people interested in continuing the art and there is a lack of government support in maintaining the traditions. The traditional music retains appeal in its link to the everyday lifestyle of Central Thai society, yet requires modernization in order to survive in the face of global challenges.