标题：ساختار نوین در ارزیابی اقتصادی سیستم مدیریت ایمنی، بهداشت و محیط زیست (HSE) با رویکرد محاسبه هزینه حوادث انسانی
其他标题：The new structure of economic evaluation Health, Safety and Environment - Management System (HSE-MS) approach to estimate the cost of accident human
摘要：In Iran, more than 30% of agricultural products turn into waste at different stages from harvesting to consumption. Thus, main factors for performing of this present study are including of: (a) the importance of tomato as an agricultural product and (b) lack of information about reducing waste during tomato processing. In this study, some physical, nutritional, mechanical, and hydrodynamic properties of tomato were measured under standard conditions. Physical properties included the length, width, thickness, mean diameter (geometric and arithmetic), mass, volume, density, sphericity, surface area, and aspect ratio. Also, nutritional properties, moisture, dry matter, pH, total soluble solid (TSS), and titration acidity (TA) of tomato were evaluated. The mechanical properties of tomato (compression and shear) were measured using Instron instrument. The hydrodynamic properties were measured with water in transportation, separation, and sorting of tomatoes. The physical properties were including of length, width, thickness, mass, volume, and geometric and arithmetic mean diameters showed a direct relationship with the size of tomatoes. Also, volumetric mass (density) had an inverse relation with tomato size. Yield point and shear force were obtained 51.27 and 22.20 N, respectively. The nutritional properties such as pH value, TSS, and TA were equal to 4.22, 22.23οBrix, and 2%, respectively. The hydrodynamic properties of tomatoes such as the terminal velocity, the tomatoes' rise time in the water column, the buoyancy force, and the drag force were obtained to be equal to 0.05 m/s, 10.11 S, 0.52 N, and 0.17 N, respectively.
其他摘要：Background and aims: Today, the growth of high technology industry faces us to some problems like air pollution, work-related accidents and occupational diseases which make it necessary to use a HSE-MS management system in different projects. However, the implementation of this system need to spend some money and time, so because of the reduced of cost trend in some managers, they regardless of do that or do it imperfect. Methods: In this paper, the value of the flow of the investment process in the HSE-MS system in the form of fuzzy numbers, using the method of return on capital investment (IRR) method, evaluated the economics of this investment under fuzzy environments. Also, this paper describes how to calculate the cost of accidents, how to calculate the amount of investment in the HSE-MS system, introducing the IRR method, introducing the theory of fuzzy sets, how to calculate fuzzy IRR, and finally, we describe the proposed method. The calculations are analyzed using the @RISK software. Results: As you can see, the financial process resulting from the implementation of the HSE-MS management system is both economic and financially based on the FIRR method and the use of the @RISK software and implies the need for the implementation of a safety management system from an economic point of view. In other words, the average return on capital employed in the financial process resulting from the implementation of the HSE-MS management system, according to the IRR method, is almost 22%, much higher than the average market rate of 5%, and strongly emphasizes the economic nature of this financial process. Conclusion: According to the findings of the recent study, Internal Rate of Return is between 14% and 18%, and is more than the market rate (7%). So it’s indicating that the investment in the aforementioned sector is very profitable and leads to returning capital over the next few years will be. In the other hand, investment in the safety, health and environmental sectors in addition to decreasing the risks of decreasing the job and thus reducing occupational accidents and job satisfaction leads to the profitability of projects.
