摘要：Mesiodens has been reported as the most common supernumerary tooth, present in the maxillary midline, between the two central incisors. Today the etiology of supernumerary teeth remains uncertain; proposed theories include a combination of environmental and genetic factors, hyperactivity of the dental lamina and dichotomy of the tooth bud, as well as systemic disturbances such as the cleft lip and palate and different syndromes; family history is also a predisposing factor. Diagnosis may be possible after two years, through clinical examination and conventional radiologic studies, including periapical, occlusal and orthopantomography radiographs. Recently, the study of choice for the diagnosis of mesiodens is cone-beam tomography (CBCT). They may cause delayed eruption and inclusion of the permanent upper central incisor, crowding and malocclusion, although in most of the cases they are asymptomatic. Morphologically, mesiodens may have varied forms. There are two subclasses in the classification of mesiodens, according to their shape and size. There is a controversy about the ideal time for the extraction of a mesiodens. Some studies propose the late intervention until the development of the roots of the adjacent teeth is complete (between 8 and 10 years old). Other studies have proposed that mesiodens should be extracted as soon as it is diagnosed, to prevent possible complications previously mentioned. The management of these teeth depends on the type and position of the tooth, and in most cases, it must be multidisciplinary.
