期刊名称：Italian Journal of Sports rehabilitation and Posturology
电子版ISSN：2385-1988
出版年度：2021
卷号：1
页码：1651-1671
出版社：Società Scientifica Riabilitazione e Posturologia dello Sport
摘要：Background.The important biomechanical role played by the meniscus in the functionality and stability of the knee during sports performance is known in the literature. The combinations of torsional and axial load appear to be the cause of most meniscal injuries. Diagnosis of acute knee injuries has long been a topic of discussion throughout orthopedic literature. Many clinical tests and diagnostic studies have been developed to increase the clinician's ability to accurately diagnose these types of knee disorders. Objective. The objective of our study is to verify through a review of the literature if Clinical tests in a closed kinetic chain to diagnose the meniscal knee lesions have a validity, if they are correlated with the classical tests in the open kinetic chain and then propose them as a screening tool in the their practical applicability on the pitch during a competition or training. Materials and methods. In this systematic review of the literature we used the Search Equation of the Boolean Operators AND and OR within Search Equation. We have thus inserted specific Key words to the research topic: physical examination, meniscal tears, Physical Examination for Meniscus Tears, Clinical diagnosis of meniscal tears, tests for meniscal Injury specific to the research topic. At the word "meniscus tear" we found, in December 2018, on PubMed 3814 abstracts and full-text articles. While on PubMed Central 4737 from which we have considered, it is our search only 841 for free Full-text articles. To the keywords "Meniscal test" highlighted 1068 abstracts and Full-text articles on PubMed and 4986 abstracts and Full-text articles PubMed Central. We have tried to further refine our research by addressing it in the last 5 years with 417 articles published on PubMed. Of these we have selected, for our research, 166 free full text articles. Results. For the preparation of this review have selected 57 scientific articles. Recently, from the international scientific movement, tests have been reported, in a closed kinetic chain, that reproduce technical-athletic gestures, for the diagnosis of meniscal lesion. Among these the Thessaly Test and the Ege's Test, have shown a high diagnostic accuracy, approaching, in fact, reference models such as joint line tenderness, McMurray's test and Apley's compression test. Among other things, these tests, in CKC, stimulating technical / athletic gestural moments, these tests can find, "going towards the lesion" an indication and prescription both in rehabilitation training and in physical ones aimed at prevention, given the extremely articular environment proprioceptive, knee ligament capsule injuries and, in particular, meniscal lesions. We did not find any work related to the practical applicability of these clinical tests used during competitions and training. Conclusions. Meniscal tears are frequently found in sports. The diagnosis can be accurately performed in 75% of the knees on the basis of the clinical history alone, while the specific clinical tests that have been used for the detection of these lesions do not have high values of sensitivity and specificity if taken individually. In our study we have identified test clinic in closed kinetic chain that allow to operate a more incisive evaluation, correlating clinical expressivity with the specific gestures of the athlete.
