期刊名称：International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy
电子版ISSN：2146-4553
出版年度：2019
卷号：9
期号：3
页码：388-394
DOI：10.32479/ijeep.7748
出版社：EconJournals
摘要：This study by using the random effects (RE) and robust least square estimates (RLS) examines the influence of two different types of FDI namely Greenfield (GF), Mergers & Acquisition (M&A) and energy consumption, on environmental performance of the eight selected economies in SAARC and ASEAN regions over the 2003-2014 period. Moreover, economic growth and population growth are used as controlled variables. The originality of this study is the use of Environmental Performance Index (EPI) to examine the effects of two different types of foreign capital inflows on the environment. According to the empirical outcomes of this study, GF and M&A investments have exacerbated the environmental performance in the selected eight SAARC and ASEAN countries, hence confirm the Pollution Haven Hypothesis (PHH) to be valid. In addition, energy consumption and population growth are also found to be serious havoc for the environmental performance in this case. Nonetheless, economic growth has improved the overall environmental performance in these countries. The study suggests the formulation and enforcement of strict environmental regulations to seek environment friendly and energy efficient GF and M&A investments. In addition, renewable energy use and population control policies are highly desirable in these countries for clean and healthy environment. Accordingly, these economies are recommended to develop policies to realize sustainable economic development for improved environmental performance.
其他摘要：The aim of the current study is to examine the importance of natural gas energy utilization in influencing economic growth using time series data from 1980 to 2017 in Indonesia. In doing so, the current study has adopted the refined methodology of Auto-Regressive Distributed Lags (ARDL) bound testing approach to examine the dynamic relationship among natural gas and economic growth with amplified understanding of the critical association to support the course of economic planning and policy making. The results of ARDL bound testing approach confirm that capital, labor force and natural gas utilization are strong determinants of economic growth in Indonesia. Likewise, the outcomes affirm that natural gas utilization have a constructive and positive effect on economic growth in Indonesia which implies that the natural gas is the main source of economic growth in Indonesia in the long run and short run. Also, the results of variance decomposition method confirm a bi-directional causal relationship between economic growth, natural gas utilization, labor force and capital in Indonesia.
关键词：Natural gas utilization; economic growth; labor force; Indonesia.
其他关键词：Natural gas utilization; economic growth; labor force; Indonesia.
