其他摘要：The present article reviews the current trends in the studies of teaching and learning from July 2010 to June 2011. From the viewpoint of teacher activities, this article deals with the following five perspectives: (1) actual states of children or students, (2) motivation, (3) understanding of the direction of educational intervention, (4) development of teaching strategies and materials, and (5) teacher’s actual states or learning. In conclusion, this article shows two possible directions for further studies on this issue. First, we need to integrate the various theories and research objects to develop a holistic model that can be applied to educational practice. Second, we need to develop a framework that enables us to link that model to educational practices or subjects.
