其他摘要：The history, present state, and current tasks of school non-attendance were prospectively studied from the following two viewpoints: problems concerning the definitions and transitions of the terms related to school non-attendance; and problems regarding former studies conducted on school nonattendance. 1) The terms “school phobia”,“school refusal”, and “school non-attendance” were organized according to historical circumstances, so as to clarify the definitional difference between the term “reluctance to go to school” defined and used by the Ministry of Education in the absentees investigations of long-term truancy. Nowadays, the expression “school non-attendance”,which is a rather inclusive term, is most frequently used. This may be brought by the fact that no stable clinical image can be captured (meaning that the actual state of students continuously change), nor does there exist a stereotype of this phenomenon (i.e. neurotic school refusal or truancy). 2) The problems regarding former studies of school non-attendance were viewed from the following points: (1) inconsistency between basic statistics and reality ; (2) lack of follow-up surveys ; (3) insufficient number of studies regarding school environment; and (4) no case reports presented on school basis. In conclusion, one of the most important future tasks is to conduct case reports on a school basis so that the complex relation between school non-attendance and school environment can be examined.
关键词：-;不登校;登校拒否;学校恐怖症;学校環境
其他关键词：school non-attendance ; school phobia ; school re fusal ; school environment
