出版社：Nihon Kyoiku Shinri Gakkai,Japanese Association of Educational Psychology
摘要：T. Takizawa There are dennotative structure (the relation of part & whole) and connotative structure (the relation of similarity & difference) in concept. The children can't coordinate the dennotation and connotation. Piaget maintains that negative operation (A) is important for concept formation in children. Young children are restricted with affirmative operation (A) and can't coordinate affirmative and negative operations. Piaget emphasizes that the affirmative and negative operation underlie on the understanding of the relation of super & subordinate categories. He also states that it's important for child's concept formation to have a conflict experiences between the affirmative and negative operations J. Iwata Iwata considers the role of language on the concept formation In early period, mother named objects to teach the child such as “This is a dog”, “That's a dog, too”. This naming stimulated the conceptualizing activity of children. Usually the concept is transmitted through sentences. For example, the concept of whole is transmitted through sentences like “whales are in the sea”, “whales are like fish” etc. The structure among concepts is also formed through sentences. When the child believes that the whale is a kind of fish, and is told that' a whale is a kind of mammal' they must assimilate the whale in the category of ‘mammal’. The considerations for concept formation through language is 1) to comprehend the level of child's concept. 2) to pay attention not to fall into verbalism. 3) to consider the methods to reconstruct more scientific concept. Then, it is thought it's available to make use of cognitive conflict K. Nakura Why does a human being have a disposition to conceptualize the world? First, he thinks a man has autogenetic and spontaneous disposition to abstract something in common from the world. Such a conceptualization is made through need, activity and attitude. Second, mother names the objects for her children, It is a social and educational aspect. There is a temporal conflict.a nd contradiction between the spontaneous and social conceptualization. It appears on the phenomenon of word generalization in early childhood. In case of the autistic children, they are deficient in their social and emotional factors. So, though they have their autogenetic concepts, they can't reconstruct it into our conceptual system. It is thought to be an important first step for them to establish the object-relation as libido-object. Through its relation, their concepts gradually become social and formative.
其他摘要：T. Takizawa There are dennotative structure (the relation of part & whole) and connotative structure (the relation of similarity & difference) in concept. The children can't coordinate the dennotation and connotation. Piaget maintains that negative operation (A) is important for concept formation in children. Young children are restricted with affirmative operation (A) and can't coordinate affirmative and negative operations. Piaget emphasizes that the affirmative and negative operation underlie on the understanding of the relation of super & subordinate categories. He also states that it's important for child's concept formation to have a conflict experiences between the affirmative and negative operations J. Iwata Iwata considers the role of language on the concept formation In early period, mother named objects to teach the child such as “This is a dog”, “That's a dog, too”. This naming stimulated the conceptualizing activity of children. Usually the concept is transmitted through sentences. For example, the concept of whole is transmitted through sentences like “whales are in the sea”, “whales are like fish” etc. The structure among concepts is also formed through sentences. When the child believes that the whale is a kind of fish, and is told that' a whale is a kind of mammal' they must assimilate the whale in the category of ‘mammal’. The considerations for concept formation through language is 1) to comprehend the level of child's concept. 2) to pay attention not to fall into verbalism. 3) to consider the methods to reconstruct more scientific concept. Then, it is thought it's available to make use of cognitive conflict K. Nakura Why does a human being have a disposition to conceptualize the world? First, he thinks a man has autogenetic and spontaneous disposition to abstract something in common from the world. Such a conceptualization is made through need, activity and attitude. Second, mother names the objects for her children, It is a social and educational aspect. There is a temporal conflict.a nd contradiction between the spontaneous and social conceptualization. It appears on the phenomenon of word generalization in early childhood. In case of the autistic children, they are deficient in their social and emotional factors. So, though they have their autogenetic concepts, they can't reconstruct it into our conceptual system. It is thought to be an important first step for them to establish the object-relation as libido-object. Through its relation, their concepts gradually become social and formative.
