其他摘要：Two measures of PWC_<170>(kpm)and Vo_2max(l/min)were used to observe differences in aerobic work capacities of urban and rural adolescents. The number of subjects who received PWC_<170> tests as preliminary one were 377 in male and 355 in female respectively. And 539 subjects, 275 in male and 264 female, who served in the examinations of Vo_2max were randomly selected from those who were tested by PWC_<170> and assured to be healthy. Rural adolescents were those who inhabited NASU Table Land in the northern part of TOCHIGI Prefecture and urban adolescents were born and reared in the central part of UTSUNOMIYA City, the capital of TOCHIGI Prefecture The ages ranged from 9 to 17 years. Skinfold thicknesses and strengths of knee extensors were also measured. The results obtained were as follwed : 1) Rural adolescents were significantly superior to urban ones after the age of 12 years for males and 13 years for females in PWC_<170>(kpm/kg). 2) Rural adolescents showed significantly higher Vo_2max (ml/kg/min) after the age of 15 years for both sexes. Accordingly PWC_<170> could reflect the effect of life environments on aerobic work capacities two or three years earlier than Vo_2max(ml/kg/min) 3) In linear regression equations of PWC_<170>(kpm) and Vo_2max (l/min) to body weight (kg) in the age groups (10 to 12 years in urban, 9 to 12 years in rural, 12 to 14 years, 15 to 17 years), slopes of rural adolescents showed nearly two times as sharp as those in urban ones. This suggests that ΔPWC_<170>(kpm)/ΔBody weight(kg) and ΔVo_2max (mL/min)/Body weight (kg) were higher in rural adolescents than in urban ones. 4) Significant differences in all the four sites of skinfold thicknesses were found from the 15 to 17 year age group for males and 12 to 14 years age group for females. More thicknesses in urban adolescents must be due to the earlier spurt of growth in puberty and physical inactivities in urban life environment. 5) For males PWC_<170>(kpm) showed no differences in body height in critical points in urban and rural adolescents in allometrical analyses. Body heights in critical points were 157.1cm in urban and 156.4 in rural. For females no critical point was found in urban adolescents, but rural ones showed the critical point in the body height of 145.3cm. 6) Critical points in Vo_2max (l/min) were in the body heights of 155.6 and 163.7cm for males in urban and rural adolescents respectively. This difference suggests more effectiveness of rural life environments on aerobic work capacities. Urban females showed no critical point, but rural females had the critical point in the body height of 146.9cm.
