摘要：This paper approaches from an historical perspective the initial formation of the first educational levels teachers in Spain and its subsequent evolution. The aim is to analyse the different stages and problems through which the initial formation of teachers has passed until the creation of University Education Departments, profound institutional transformations framed in a particular socio-political context in each historical moment, that glimpses the progress and setbacks, the ups and downs of the initial formation of the teachers in Spain for over two centuries of existence. It is under study the innovative nature of the reforms, their professional nature and their educational repercussions, as well as the identity of the teachers corresponding to this level of education and the image of the prospective students who project their expectations and motivations in an imprecise and blurred professional trajectory.
关键词：Initial formation of teachers; Educational Reform; Teachers-training colleges; Educational Policy; History of Education.;Formación inicial de maestros y maestras; reforma educativa; Escuelas Normales; política educativa; Historia de la Educación.;Formation initiale de maitres et maitresses; réforme éducative; Écoles Normales; politique éducative; Histoire de l’Éducation.;Formação inicial de professores e mestres; reforma educativa; Escolas Normais; política educativa; História da Educação.
