摘要：The revolution in technology has led to new approaches toward open and distance learning, particularly in the form of e‑learning. E‑learning governs the system of modern education by using Information and Communication Technology (ICT). There are different design approaches and interpretations of e‑learning, primarily involving variations in instructional strategies and pedagogical models employed with the technology. These innovations offer compelling opportunities to educational institutions, students and faculty alike, yet they have also posed formidable challenges for e‑learning. This is especially the case in the developing countries. This paper engages the concept and aims of e‑learning with regard to the issues in the developing countries. The next part of the paper presents the need of e‑learning in Pakistan and describes the major institutes offering e‑learning and distance education as an alternate mode of education. The paper also elaborates major challenges of e‑learning and explores the influencing factors for the adoption of e‑learning in Pakistan. The important factors are investigated in terms of available ICT infrastructure and other country specific parameters. The paper also presents results of a survey that was conducted to evaluate students’ preferences regarding e‑learning. The survey result demonstrates a strong preference for e‑learning by the students. The paper concludes by presenting a generalized model of e‑learning that can fulfill the needs of leaners under available technology infrastructure.
关键词：E-learning ; open and distance learning ; Information and Communication Technology ; Pedagogy ; factors ; infrastructure
