To investigate the relationship between dominant eye and refractive error in patients with myopic anisometropia.

This study population consisted of myopes less than 15 years old who were followed up for anisometropia defined as interocular difference of spherical equivalent (SE) ≥1.0 diopter (D). All patients underwent the hole-in-the-card test at far and near to determine ocular dominance. The data were analyzed for statistical significance using Fisher's exact test.

A total of 102 eyes in 51 patients were analyzed. The mean age of the patients was 10.4 ± 1.4 years and 54.9% were male. The mean SE was −2.97 ± 1.95 D in the right eye and −3.02 ± 1.92 D in the left eye. The right eye was the dominant eye in 43.1% and 37.3% at distance and near, respectively. The agreement of dominancy between distant and near was 82.4%. The near dominant eyes showed statistically significant accordance with more myopic eyes ( p = 0.009). On the other hand, there was no statistically significant relationship between more myopic eyes and distant dominant eyes ( p = 0.09).

The near dominant eye was more myopic eye in patients with myopic anisometropia. This was considered to be related with the lag of accommodation in dominant eye with near distance.