期刊名称：International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy
电子版ISSN：2146-4553
出版年度：2019
卷号：9
期号：4
页码：248-255
DOI：10.32479/ijeep.7782
出版社：EconJournals
摘要：Cash transfers and energy subsidies are two striking programs of the Indonesian government to improve the welfare of poor people. These programs
have been in effect for years and altered over time. However, it is unclear that the alterations end up having utility at least at the same level as prealteration
level. Without a good knowledge on the relative importance of the programs, one may find difficulties in assessing the utility level before
and after the alteration. To my knowledge this is the first study to describe the relative importance of income and energy spending where the change
may be affected by cash transfers and energy subsidies. The relative importance is anchored at the individual’s happiness level as the proxy of the
utility level. This study relies on a survey covering 345 respondents residing in rural areas of North Sulawesi Province, Indonesia and cross-section
regression models. The findings suggest that every rupiah spent on energy has bigger impacts on happiness improvement than every rupiah received
as income. Programs that increase energy consumption may be more important than programs that boost income of people living in rural areas where
most poor people are located. Therefore, alteration in one program that can create loss in utility must be compensated by another program that can
create gain in utility at least at equal amount, otherwise the alteration is not a pro-poor.
关键词：Cash Transfers; Energy Subsidy; Rural Individuals; Happiness
其他关键词：Cash Transfers; Energy Subsidy; Rural Individuals; Happiness
