The current study presents the research on the cytogenetic potential of water samples taken from the Argeş River, Romania. The water samples were collected from 7 sites selected dependant on the anthropic impact to which they were subjected. The genotoxic and cytotoxic potentials of the water samples were evaluated using Allium cepa L. as a test organism. The statistical interpretation of results indicated a significant reduction of the mitotic index and an important increase in the frequency of chromosomal and mitotic aberrations for most of the water samples taken for study.