期刊名称：Journal of Software Engineering and Applications
印刷版ISSN：1945-3116
电子版ISSN：1945-3124
出版年度：2019
卷号：12
期号：5
页码：171-197
DOI：10.4236/jsea.2019.125011
出版社：Scientific Research Publishing
摘要：Recent advancements in computing research and technology will allow future immersive virtual reality systems to be voxel-based, i.e. entirely based on gap-less, spatial representations of volumetric pixels. The current popularity of pixel-based videoconferencing systems could turn into true telepresence experiences that are voxel-based. Richer, non-verbal communication will be possible thanks to the three-dimensional nature of such systems. An effective telepresence experience is based on the users’ sense of copresence with others in the virtual environment and on a sense of embodiment. We investigate two main quality of service factors, namely voxel size and network latency, to identify acceptable threshold values for maintaining the copresence and embodiment experience. We present a working prototype implementation of a voxel-based telepresence system and can show that even a coarse 64 mm voxel size and an overall round-trip latency of 542 ms are sufficient to maintain copresence and embodiment experiences. We provide threshold values for noticeable, disruptive, and unbearable latencies that can serve as guidelines for future voxel and other telepresence systems.
