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  • 标题:Vedic dāśvā́ṃs- ‘pious one’, Homeric ἀδηκότες ‘inattentive’, and the “long-vowel” perfects of Proto-Indo-European
  • 本地全文:下载
  • 作者:Ryan Sandell
  • 期刊名称:Indo-European Linguistics
  • 印刷版ISSN:2212-5884
  • 电子版ISSN:2212-5892
  • 出版年度:2018
  • 卷号:6
  • 期号:1
  • 页码:117-151
  • DOI:10.1163/22125892-00601004
  • 出版社:BRILL
  • 摘要:

    Although the morphological components of the Vedic noun dāśvā́ṃs - are, from the Indo-European point of view, relatively transparent (root */dek̑-/ ‘perceive’, perfect participle suffix */-u̯ós-/), the exact derivation of the form is disputed, insofar as its history is bound up with an understanding of Proto-Indo-European “long-vowel preterites” (Schumacher 2005, Jasanoff 2012). This article argues that a shallow synchronic derivation of dāśvā́ṃs - in Vedic Sanskrit encounters problems in both morphology and phonology that have been overlooked by proponents of such a derivation (Jasanoff 2012, LIV 2 : 110–111). The article then further proposes that a cognate of dāśvā́ṃs - is to be found in the isolated Homeric adjective, ἀδηκότες, previously without certain interpretation or etymology; here the gloss ‘inattentive, oblivious, unheeding’ is proposed. The etymological connection of dāśvā́ṃs - to Homeric (ἀ-)δηκότ(-ε/ας) thus supports the reconstruction of a Proto-(Nuclear)-Indo-European ( PNIE ) form *[dēk̑u̯ós-]; within the grammar of PNIE itself, such a form would be synchronically derived as a perfect participle / RED -dek̑-u̯ós-/, in which a “long-vowel” form surfaces in perfect stems whose zero-grade form is phonologically dispreferred and therefore repaired (cf. Schumacher 2005, Zukoff 2014, Sandell 2015a, Sandell 2015b: Ch. 8, Zukoff 2017a: Ch. 5, 7). The larger implication is at least some “long-vowel” preterites of PNIE can be explained as phonologically driven allomorphs of perfect weak stems.

  • 关键词:Vedic Sanskrit; Homeric Greek; reduplication; Indo-European phonology; corpus linguistics
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