摘要：During drought, groundwater is often relied on to provide secure drinking water, particularly in rural Africa where other options are limited. However, the technology chosen to access groundwater significantly affects local water security. Here we examine the performance of springs, hand-dug-wells and boreholes in northern Ethiopia through direct high frequency monitoring of water-levels (n = 19) and water quality (n30 min.
关键词：groundwater; drought; water security; handpumps; resilience; EL Niño
