期刊名称：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
印刷版ISSN：0027-8424
电子版ISSN：1091-6490
出版年度：2019
卷号：116
期号：36
页码：17625-17626
DOI：10.1073/pnas.1911168116
出版社：The National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
摘要：We thank Hanlon for his comments on our paper and appreciate his summary of our findings (1). We recognize the concerns raised regarding both research and non-research roles in science. For example, the National Science Foundation reports various estimates of the science labor force: about 6 million in “science and engineering [S&E] occupations,” about 12 million in non-S&E occupations closely or somewhat related to their S&E degree, about 17 million whose highest degree is in S&E, and about 23 million with at least 1 S&E degree (2). Given our interest in the relationship between the changing landscape of knowledge production and scientific careers, we opted for what Xie.
