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  • 标题:Conversational Agents in the Treatment of Mental Health Problems: Mixed-Method Systematic Review
  • 本地全文:下载
  • 作者:Hannah Gaffney ; Warren Mansell ; Sara Tai
  • 期刊名称:JMIR Mental Health
  • 电子版ISSN:2368-7959
  • 出版年度:2019
  • 卷号:6
  • 期号:10
  • 页码:1-11
  • DOI:10.2196/14166
  • 出版社:JMIR Publications Inc., Toronto, Canada
  • 摘要:Background: The use of conversational agent interventions (including chatbots and robots) in mental health is growing at a fast pace. Recent existing reviews have focused exclusively on a subset of embodied conversational agent interventions despite other modalities aiming to achieve the common goal of improved mental health. Objective: This study aimed to review the use of conversational agent interventions in the treatment of mental health problems. Methods: We performed a systematic search using relevant databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycINFO, Web of Science, and Cochrane library). Studies that reported on an autonomous conversational agent that simulated conversation and reported on a mental health outcome were included. Results: A total of 13 studies were included in the review. Among them, 4 full-scale randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were included. The rest were feasibility, pilot RCTs and quasi-experimental studies. Interventions were diverse in design and targeted a range of mental health problems using a wide variety of therapeutic orientations. All included studies reported reductions in psychological distress postintervention. Furthermore, 5 controlled studies demonstrated significant reductions in psychological distress compared with inactive control groups. In addition, 3 controlled studies comparing interventions with active control groups failed to demonstrate superior effects. Broader utility in promoting well-being in nonclinical populations was unclear. Conclusions: The efficacy and acceptability of conversational agent interventions for mental health problems are promising. However, a more robust experimental design is required to demonstrate efficacy and efficiency. A focus on streamlining interventions, demonstrating equivalence to other treatment modalities, and elucidating mechanisms of action has the potential to increase acceptance by users and clinicians and maximize reach.
  • 关键词:artificial intelligence;mental health;stresspychological;psychiatry;therapycomputer-assisted;conversational agent;chatbot;digital health
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