标题：Potential of Eco-Efficiency Application to Small-To-Medium Industry of Tofu Cluster in Pesalakan, Adiwerna Village, Adiwerna District, Tegal Regency
摘要：Tofu is a highly popular food in Indonesia. Its production process also has a high risk of environmental pollution. There were many and high capacities of tofu makers in the tofu clusters of Pesalakan, Adiwerna Village, Adiwerna District, Tegal Regency. Due to its high pollution risk, this industry needed an eco-efficiency analysis. Using cleaner production practices the good eco-efficiency potential might be achieved so that the environmental quality can be improved. This study collected data from informal interviews, field observation, and production process calculation. The cleaner production practices by boiling water in a cover pan by energy source resulted in the following efficiency rates: sawdust 31-37 % energy efficiency and 27-30 % time efficiency; and husk energy 35-57 % energy efficiency and 20.7-20.9 % time efficiency. The highest annual eco-efficiency rate for profit was Rp 1,194,251.01/ton of CO2 equivalent/year, while the lowest rate was Rp 472,804.89/ton CO2/year. The small industry could never manage to practice the eco-efficiency without support from the government and the community.
其他摘要：Tofu is a highly popular food in Indonesia. Its production process also has a high risk of environmental pollution. There were many and high capacities of tofu makers in the tofu clusters of Pesalakan, Adiwerna Village, Adiwerna District, Tegal Regency. Due to its high pollution risk, this industry needed an eco-efficiency analysis. Using cleaner production practices the good eco-efficiency potential might be achieved so that the environmental quality can be improved. This study collected data from informal interviews, field observation, and production process calculation. The cleaner production practices by boiling water in a cover pan by energy source resulted in the following efficiency rates: sawdust 31-37 % energy efficiency and 27-30 % time efficiency; and husk energy 35-57 % energy efficiency and 20.7-20.9 % time efficiency. The highest annual eco-efficiency rate for profit was Rp 1,194,251.01/ton of CO2 equivalent/year, while the lowest rate was Rp 472,804.89/ton CO2/year. The small industry could never manage to practice the eco-efficiency without support from the government and the community.
其他关键词：Cleaner production ; eco-efficiency ; small-to-medium enterprise
