出版社：Centro Interamericano de Investigaciones Psicológicas y Ciencias Afines
摘要：Employment is a very important aspect of a person’s life, and that is why any health-related factor that can interfere in such activity must be identified. The reality of a Latin American country is different and should be approached as a separate object of study. Many factors that contribute to a patient losing the job can be identified in time in order to be reversed or compensated. Thus, identifying the vulnerability profile of the patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) who are at risk of losing their jobs is an important task for researchers. Physical disability and disease course are both strong predictors of work status in MS patients, however, cognition and affective variables do not have the same degree of evidence. This study raises the aim of investigating the relationship between employment status and cognitive performance in MS. With this knowledge, it would be possible to design a neuropsychological rehabilitation plan for patients, which focuses on compensating and recovering from cognitive impairment, as well as on serving as orientation for the person who is at risk of losing their job. A group difference design was used. The sample units were selected through a non-probability accidental sampling. We collected the data of 61 patients with relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS) who had attended consultation between April 2014 and April 2015, in a public hospital. 29.5% were unemployed; 54.1% were employed; and 10.4% were students or housewives. The Brief Repeatable Battery of Neuropsychology Tests adapted for Argentine population; Symbol Digit Modalities Test (SDMT), Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) and Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II), were administered individually in two sessions, one with a neurologist and one with the neuropsychologist in a private consulting room. Age and years of instruction differences between patients with and without employment were not significant. There were 60.8% of patients with cognitive impairment. Among them, 38.7% were unemployed. The relationship between cognitive deterioration and work status was not significant, c2 = .404, df = 1, p = .371. When comparing the groups in the cognitive battery, a meaningful difference in cognitive performance was observed between the subjects who had a job with those who were unemployed in SDMT (t = -2.421, df = 49, p = .019); performance being higher among the former. No other cognitive score showed significant results. Unemployed patients had higher EDSS and depression, than those with jobs. The cognitive tests administered, together with the BDI-II and EDSS, were included in the binary logistic regression analysis. The second model retained the SDMT and the BDI-II; both tests were able to correctly classify almost 80% of the cases. Also, both SDMT (B = .080, p = .014) and BDI- II (B = -.098, p = .022) shown significant effects on work status.
