摘要：This paper presents novel methods for Demand Response (DR) programs by considering
welfare state of consumers, to deal with the operational uncertainties, such as wind energy and
energy price, within the framework of a smart microgrid. In this regard, total loads of microgrid
are classified into two groups and each one is represented by a typical load. First group is
energy storage capability represents by heater loads and second is curtailment capability loads
represents by lighting loads. Next by the proposed DR methods, consumed energy of the all loads
is coupled to the wind energy rate and energy price. Finally these methods are applied in the
operation of a smart microgrid, consists of dispatchable supplier (microturbine), nondispatchable
supplier (wind turbine), energy storage system and loads with the capability of
energy exchanging with upstream distribution network. In order to consider uncertainties,
Monte Carlo simulation method is used, which various scenarios are generated and applied in
the operation of microgrid. In the end, the simulation results on a typical microgrid show that
implementing proposed DR methods contributes to increasing total operational profit of smart
microgrid and also decreasing the risk of low profit too.
关键词：Demand response; Smart microgrids; Operational uncertainties; Monte Carlo simulation; Renewable;
energies
