出版社：Khadim Ali Shah Bukhari Institute of Technology
摘要：The new millennium education priorities have led the policy makers to modify the higher
education curriculum in accordance with the international standards. Thus, the curriculum
standards across the country were forced to be uniform since the inception Higher Education
Commission (HEC) in Pakistan. The universities under HEC are not allowed to modify or
localize the curricula according to local needs, requirements and capacities. This paper in a
phenomenological way evaluates the effect of reforms related to uniform curriculum standards
on students, teachers and universities of backward areas in the country. The study highlights
problems related to HEC curriculum; taken ‘economics’ discipline as a case study. The study
calls for the revisit of other curriculums already in place and re-assess in lieu of local needs,
requirements and capacities in the context of uniformity and localization. The paper provides a
road map from localization of curriculum to uniform curriculum standards based on combined
framework of bottom-up and top-down approach. The former approach involves all stakeholders
at different tiers for the curriculum development, while the latter one deals with trainings and
providing forum / platform for the coordination between the faculty members and curriculum
developers.
关键词：High School Curriculum; University Educational Decisions; Education
Performance; Bottom;up Approach
