摘要：This research determined the effect of in-service training, collaboration and
teacher proficiency on chemistry subject based on teaching experience. A total of
184 teachers were involved in this study, only 64 of which had less than 10 years
of teaching experience. The data were collected via questionnaires and analysed
using the software SPSS AMOS 23. The MANOVA test indicated significant
differences between in-service training and collaboration based on teachers’
teaching experience and parallel results between teacher proficiency in chemistry
and teaching experience. The SEM test showed that collaboration has a different
intermediary effect on the relationship between in-service training and teacher
proficiency. Therefore, chemistry teachers with less teaching experience required
additional in-service training and collaboration to enhance their proficiency,
whereas experienced chemistry teachers only required in-service training. Results
of this study implied that schools should organize collaborative activities that
involve teachers with various experiences. Teamwork and collaboration are
expected to enhance teacher proficiency in the subject.
关键词：collaboration; in;service training; teacher proficiency in chemistry; teaching
experience; teachers
