期刊名称：Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine
印刷版ISSN：1232-1966
电子版ISSN：1898-2263
出版年度：2018
卷号：25
期号：4
页码：1-5
DOI：10.26444/aaem/79810
出版社：Institute of Agricultural Medicine in Lublin
摘要：Indoor swimming pools can be used all year round and serve for one of the most popular sport pursued for recreation
The positive effect of swimming arises in particular from the involvement of all the muscles of the body, decreasing
the burden on the joints, as well as functional improvement of both the lungs and heart. Chlorine is typically used to
disinfect swimming pool water and as a result the changes that take place lead to the formation of by-products, such as
monochloramines (NH2
Cl), dichloramines (NH2
Cl2
) i trichloramines (NH2
Cl3
), trihalogenometans (THM) or haloacetic acid
(HAA). The highest concentration of these substances is just above the water surface and they may cause irritation of
skin, eyes and mucosa of the respiratory tract. The toxic effect of high chlorine concentration and its side-products on the
respiratory system is known, but the effect of low concentrations of these compounds is still not fully determined. Recent
studies suggest that development of allergic diseases among swimmers may be increased by epithelial disorders driven
by airway barrier dysfunction caused by chlorine irritation. Swimming in chlorinated water may be linked to symptoms of
bronchial hyperreactivity, asthma and rhinitis especially in children, elite swimmers and employees of indoor swimming
pools. Hypersensivity pneumonitis related to the use of swimming pools may manifest as a swimming pool or sauna user
lung, most commonly caused by water polluting pathogens. The article summarizes recent data concerning the influence
of chlorinated water on the development of allergic diseases.
关键词：asthma; allergic rhinitis; allergic diseases; swimming pool; chlorinated water
