标题：Exploring and visualizing the small-area-level socioeconomic factors, alcohol availability and built environment influences of alcohol expenditure for the City of Toronto: a spatial analysis approach
摘要：Introduction: Evidence to date suggests that the built environment has the potential to
facilitate and even discourage physical activity. A limitation of previous reviews is that
they have typically not been country-specific. We conducted a systematized literature
review of quantitative studies that estimated associations between the built environment—which
were objectively measured—and walking among Canadian adults.
Methods: Five scientific databases were searched for peer-reviewed studies published
in all years up to December 31, 2016, that estimated the association between the built
environment (i.e. objectively measured using audits and Geographic Information
Systems [GIS]) and physical activity among a sample of Canadian adults. The database
searches, title and abstract screen, full-text review and data extraction were undertaken
by two reviewers.
Results: Of 4140 articles identified, 25 met the inclusion criteria. Most studies included
data from a single Canadian province. All but two studies were cross-sectional. Most
studies captured self-reported walking for transportation and walking for any purpose.
Overall walkability and land use were consistently associated with walking for transportation,
while proximity to destinations was associated with walking for any purpose.
Conclusions: Our review findings suggest that the built environment is potentially
important for supporting adult walking. Overall walkability, land use and proximity to
destinations appear to be important given their association with transportation walking
and walking for any purpose.
