期刊名称：Journal of Materials and Environmental Science
印刷版ISSN：2028-2508
出版年度：2017
卷号：8
期号：10
页码：3583-3587
出版社：University of Mohammed Premier Oujda
摘要：Cereals are the most important crops in Morocco. However, rapid population growth and climate warming are expected to advance the threat of drought, especially in areas with a semi-arid climate, as in the Mediterranean region. This work, we studied the impact of drought through irrigation stop on the anatomy and ultrastructure of leaves in two Moroccan varieties of durum wheat "Oum rabia" sensitive and "Marzak" resistant to drought. The results obtained showed that the thickness of the leaf and the anatomical features are influenced by the water stress. Indeed, the mesophyll thickness and the intercellular space decreases in the leaves of stressed plants compared to control plants. Cells chlorophyll parenchyma hydrated leaves are rounded while the cells of the stressed leaves are folded and deformed in both varieties. The study of ultrastructure of the variety "Oum rabia" under water stresss shows, in fact, a folded cell wall, a plasma membrane with invaginations, altered chloroplasts and disorganized thylakoid membranes. These changes are not visible in the drought resistant "Marzak" variety. This variety appears to have a very important membrane tolerance.
关键词：Drought; durum wheat; mesophyll; cellular ultrastructure; climate warming; leaf anatomy
