期刊名称：Journal on Ethnopolitics and Minority Issues in Europe
电子版ISSN：1617-5247
出版年度：2019
卷号：18
期号：2
页码：1-29
出版社：European Centre for Minority Issues
摘要：Since the enactment of its post-war Constitution, Indonesia has recognized asymmetry as an important
tool to accommodate and manage the complexity of its population and its regional diversity, while at the
same time retaining its unitary character. Indonesia has 260 million people, 300 ethnic groups, a large
number of islands and 34 major provinces. The founders of the Indonesian state had to strike a balance
between harnessing an integrated national political culture and recognizing the complexity and unique
characteristics of its regions. Under the current Constitution, therefore, five of Indonesia’s 34 provinces
have special status with asymmetrical powers and functions. Each of the special regions has a unique
background and circumstance that, in some cases, predates the existence of the Indonesian state.
Although asymmetric decentralization adds complexity to the administration of the Indonesian state, it
keeps the country together by allowing constitutional space for regional uniqueness, managing the
stresses that arise in deeply divided societies. Indonesia’s combination of symmetry and asymmetry
provides unique lessons for other countries trying to strike a balance between unity and recognition of
diversity.
关键词：Decentralization; Indonesia; Special regions; Asymmetry; Accommodation of diversity;
Self;government; Aceh; Papua; Jakarta; Yogyakarta
