摘要：Ecologies of openness—inclusion, intersections, and interstices—raises questions about the
concepts of open, openness, opened, and opening, throughout educational contexts. The rise of
openness and open pedagogy has impacts on educational paradigm shifts and university reforms
in open and flexible learning. The focus of this article is to present an overview of different
current frameworks for open education that will serve to introduce readers to contemporary open
education frameworks and to present different dimensions of open. The literature includes
current reports by the European Commission, scientific journals, and blog posts by scholars
since 2015to the present. Reports by UNESCO and those related to the fourth industrial
revolution are examined. In addition, the article builds on the authors previous research in the
field, which also includes leadership and quality related to openness. To set the scene the
following section briefly introduces current global trends and challenges in education in the 21st
century. After that open pedagogy are presented; the open education framework by the European
Commission, and ecologies of open pedagogy. The article ends with conclusions and
recommendations.
