标题：Ecoestabilidad femenina y malnutrición severa infantil: Evidencia a partir de intervenciones de ayuda humanitaria de Acción Contra el Hambre en países africanos, asiáticos y latinoamericanos
出版社：Sociedad Española de Dietética y Ciencias de la Alimentación (SEDCA)
摘要：Introduction: Previous evidences reported sex differences
in nutritional status between boys and girls of the
same community, living under identical conditions of food
deprivation. The aim of the present study is to analyze the
sexual differences in the prevalence of severe malnutrition
in children under 5 years of age, who were subjected to
food crisis.
Methods: Data from humanitarian aid interventions carried
out by Action Against Hunger between 2002 and 2010
in 24 countries were analyzed. These surveys were carried
out in populations in Africa, Latin America and Asia that
were in a serious food crisis. The sample consists of a total
of 367,258 children (186,156 boys and 181,102 girls) aged
(A) 6 to 59 months. Weight (W) and height (H) were measured
according to SMART methodology. Prevalence of severe
underweight (W/A <-3SD), wasting (W/H <-3SD) and
stunting (H/A <-3SD) were calculated based on WHO
Standards.
Results: On the whole sample, the proportion of boys with
severe underweigh was 9.8% compared to 7.3% for girls (p
<0.001). Severe wasting affected 3.9% of boys versus 2.5%
of girls (p <0.001). Differences were also notable in chronic
malnutrition: 19.5% of boys and 15% of girls (p <0.001) suffered
stunting.
Conclusion: The results support the idea of so-called female
eco-stability, according to which females would be less
sensitive to external factors that modulate ontogenetic development,
while males would be most negatively affected by
environmental aggressions.
关键词：Underweight; Wasting; Stunting; under five children;
Humanitarian aid; Female eco;estability
