出版社：Sociedad Española de Dietética y Ciencias de la Alimentación (SEDCA)
摘要：Introduction: Patients who are diagnosed with cancer are
subjected to different nutritional maladies, such as malnutrition,
sarcopenia, and cachexia that have prognostic values.
Objective: The aim of the present study is to evaluate the
prevalence of nutritional alterations in subjects with cancer.
Methods: The study has a cross-sectional design. Adult
volunteers of both sexes were recruited and then underwent
medical and nutritional assessments at the ambulatory oncology
service. Diagnoses of sarcopenia and cachexia were
made according to international criteria.
Results: A total of 119 subjects were recruited, 57.1%
were women. The mean age was 55.9 ± 14.2 years, and the
mean body mass index was 25.0 ± 4.88 kg/m2. Of the total
population studied, 25.2% had breast cancer, 17.6% gastrointestinal
cancer, and 16.8% hematologic cancer and other
neoplasms. According to the WHO guidelines for body mass
index, 14% of subjects were underweight, 40% had normal
weight, 30% were overweight and 16% were obese. The
prevalence of sarcopenia was 26.1%; we observed that male
volunteers had a higher risk of presenting sarcopenia [OR
13.1 (IC 95% 4.5-37.9, p<0.001)] and 47.6% of those subjects
had gastrointestinal cancer [OR 3.3 (IC 95% 1.3-8.9,
p<0.05)]. Finally, 12% of all of the subjects were diagnosed
with cachexia.
Conclusion: The prevalence of malnutrition, sarcopenia,
and cachexia are high in oncological patients treated in the
ambulatory service, especially in men and in those diagnosed
with gastrointestinal cancer.
关键词：Cancer risk; cachexia; obesity; breast cancer; malnutrition
