期刊名称：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
印刷版ISSN：0027-8424
电子版ISSN：1091-6490
出版年度：2020
卷号：117
期号：7
页码：3509-3517
DOI：10.1073/pnas.1914913117
出版社：The National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
摘要：Personalized medicine offers great potential benefits for disease management but requires continuous monitoring of drugs and drug targets. For instance, the therapeutic window for lithium therapy of bipolar disorder is very narrow, and more frequent monitoring of sodium levels could avoid toxicity. In this work, we developed and validated a platform for long-term, continuous monitoring of systemic analyte concentrations in vivo. First, we developed sodium microsensors that circulate directly in the bloodstream. We used “red blood cell mimicry” to achieve long sensor circulation times of up to 2 wk, while being stable, reversible, and sensitive to sodium over physiologically relevant concentration ranges. Second, we developed an external optical reader to detect and quantify the fluorescence activity of the sensors directly in circulation without having to draw blood samples and correlate the measurement with a phantom calibration curve to measure in vivo sodium. The reader design is inherently scalable to larger limbs, species, and potentially even humans. In combination, this platform represents a paradigm for in vivo drug monitoring that we anticipate will have many applications in the future.
关键词：microsensors ; erythrocytes ; sodium monitoring ; diffuse in vivo flow cytometry
