摘要：Introduction: The rise in sedentary behaviour, coupled with the decline in overall mentalhealth among Canadian children and youth in recent decades, demonstrates a clearneed for applied research that focusses on developing and evaluating cross-disciplinaryinterventions. Outdoor spaces provide opportunities for physical activity and social connectedness,making them an ideal setting to address these critical health concernsamong children and youth.Methods: We conducted a rapid review of peer-reviewed (n = 3096) and grey literature(n = 7) to identify physical activity and/or social connectedness outdoor space interventionstargeted at children and youth (19 years and under) in Australia and NewZealand, Canada, Europe and the United States. We determined if interventions wereeffective by analyzing their research design, confidence intervals and reported limitations,and then conducted a narrative synthesis of the effective interventions.Results: We found 104 unique studies, of which 70 (67%) were determined to be effective.Overall, 55 interventions targeted physical activity outcomes, 10 targeted socialconnectedness outcomes and 5 targeted both. Play (n = 47) and contact with nature(n = 25) were dominant themes across interventions, with most taking place in aschool or park. We report on the identifying features, limitations and implications ofthese interventions.Conclusion: The incorporation of natural and play-focussed elements into outdoorspaces may be effective ways to improve physical activity and social connectedness.There is a considerable need for more Canadian-specific research. Novel methods, suchas incorporating smartphone technology into the design and evaluation of these interventions,warrant consideration.
关键词：environment design; exercise; social capital; recreational park; nature; adolescent;child; review
